ကၞေၚ်၊ တၞံ

တၞံကၞေင်
	Cynanchum louiseae
မပါ်ဂကူ အတိုင်နဲသိပ္ပံ
လောက:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
လၟေင်ဂကူ:	Gentianales
ဇာတ်ဂကူ:	Asclepiadaceae
ဗဳဇဂကူ:	'Cynanchum'
လစှ်ေဂကူ:	'C. louiseae'
ယၟုရုက္ခဗေဒ
	Cynanchum louiseae; Kartesz & Gandhi
ယၟုတၞဟ်
	Vincetoxicum nigrum; Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers., non Cav., nom. illeg.;

သတ်ကၞေင် (အၚ်္ဂလိက်: Black swallow-wort ^[၃], Louise's swallow-wort, black dog-strangling vine^[၄]) နကဵုယၟု သိပ္ပံ Cynanchum louiseae မလုပ်လၟိဟ် တၞောဝ်ဗဳဇ milkweed ဝွံ ဒှ်ဂကူတၞံဇုက်မွဲဂကူတုဲ သတ်ဍေဟ်ဂှ် မၞုံရှ်ဖျး ညံင်မဂွံဆဵုကေတ် ပ္ဍဲဒေသဍုင်မန်ကီု ပ္ဍဲရးယူရောပ်လေဝ် ဗွဲတၟေင် ပ္ဍဲဍုင်အဳတလဳ၊ ပြင်သေတ်၊ ပဝ်တူဂြဳ ကေုာံ သပိန်တအ် ဂွံဆဵုကေတ်ရ၊၊ ^[၅] ပ္ဍဲဒေသ သၟဝ်ကျာ-ဗမံက် ကၟိန်ဍုင်အမေရိကာန်၊ ကေုာံ ဒေသအဂၞဲ ဍုင်ခနေဒါ ကေုာံ ခါလဳဝှရ်နဳယျာဂှ် ဂွံဆဵုကေတ်ကီုရ၊၊

နိဿဲ

↑ 1913 illustration from Britton & Brown, Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada, PD US, Vincetoxicum nigrum
↑ "Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Species Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi". USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
↑ "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
↑ "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
↑ "Black Swallow-Wort". Fact Sheets. Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group. 2006-06-27. Archived from the original on 2017-07-16. Retrieved 2008-05-30

[1] 1913 illustration from Britton & Brown, Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada, PD US, Vincetoxicum nigrum

[USDA-2] "Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Species Cynanchum louiseae Kartesz & Gandhi". USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2008-05-30.

[BSBI07-3] "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.

[invasive.org-4] "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.

[NPS-5] "Black Swallow-Wort". Fact Sheets. Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group. 2006-06-27. Archived from the original on 2017-07-16. Retrieved 2008-05-30

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