ရးအိန်သွိုရ်

ရးအိန်သွိုရ် (အၚ်္ဂလိက်: Sovereign state, Burmese; အချုပ်အခြာအာဏာပိုင်နိုင်ငံ, Thai; รัฐเอกราช) ဂှ် ဒှ် ရးနိဂီု (ဝါ) ဍုင် မကလိဂွံလဝ် အဝဵု သၠုင်အိုတ် လတူ ဒၞာဲ အပိုင်အခြာပယျဵုဂှ်ရ။^[၁]

သၞောဝ်ဥပဒေ ရးနာနာ (International law) ပံက်လဝ် ပွံက် ရးအိန်သွိုရ် နဒဒှ် မနွံ ကုဂကောံမၞိဟ်ဓနေတ် (a permanent population)၊ ပယျဵုတိဍာ် မကၠးဖ္ဍး၊ အလဵုအသဳမွဲ မနွံသၟဝ် ညးတၞဟ်ဟွံသေင်၊ ကောံ ကု မနွံ ကုအစောမ်စရာဲ မဆက်ဆောံ ကုရးနိဂီုတၞဟ်ဂမၠိုင်^[၂]

ရးအိန်သွဵုမွဲဂှ် ဗွဲသာမည ကၠိုဟ်လဝ် ဒဒှ်ရ ရးနိဂီု မဂွံလဝ် ဗၠးၜး (ဝါ) ဍုင်ဗၠးၜးမွဲရ။^[၃] ၜိုန်ရ ဟွံကလိဂွံ စၟတ်သမ္တီ နူ ရးအိန်သွိုရ်တၞဟ်ကီုလေဝ် တန်တဴ နဒဒှ် ရးအိန်သွိုရ်မွဲ ဂွံဒၟံင်ကီု ဥပမာ သဳပြုသ်သၟဝ်ကျာ (Northern Cyprus)။^[၄]^[၅] ဆဂး ရးနိဂီု မဟွံဂွံစၟတ်သမ္တီတအ်ဂှ် ဟိုတ်နူ ညးတၞဟ် ဟွံစၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ်တုဲ သွက်ဂွံ ဆက်စၠောအ် ကလုတ်တမာန် ကုရးအိန်သွိုရ်သအာင်ဂှ် ဒးဆဵု တင်ဝါတ်ဂါတ်ဂမၠိုင်မာန်ရ။^[၆]^[၇] ရးအိန်သွိုရ်ဂှ် ဟီု နကဵု ပရေင်ဍုင်ကွာန်မ္ဂး ကော်စး ရးနိဂီု၊ တုဲပၠန် သီုကဵု ကော်စ ရးနီဂီု မနွံကုဥပဒေသဇိုင်၊ ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး ပယျဵုတိဍာ် ဗၠးၜး (ဝါ) ဍုင်ဗၠးၜးမွဲရ။^[၈]^[၉]^[၁၀]

ဝင်

စတမ် ကၞောတ် ၁၉ ဗွဝ်ကၠံတုဲ တိဍာ် ပ္ဍဲလိုက်ဏအ် ကြပ်သီုဖအိုတ်ဂှ် စၟတ်သမ္တီ ပါ်လဝ် ပယျဵုဒၞက် ရးနိဂီု ညး ကုညးအိုတ်ရ။^{[နွံပၟိက် ဗၟံက်ထ္ၜးတင်နိဿဲ]} ကိုပ်ကၠာ နူဂှ် တိဍာ် မဟွံစၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ် ညးဂှ် မပိုင်ပြဳ ဗွဲမကၠးဖ္ဍး နွံ ဗွဲမဂၠိုင်ရ၊ တုဲပၠန် ဒေသ ရးလ္ၚဵုဂှ် နဒဒှ် ရးနိဂီုမွဲ ဗွဲမကၠးဖ္ဍး ဟွံဂွံစၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ်လေဝ် နွံကီုရ။^[၁၁] ၜိုန်ရ ပ္ဍဲအခေတ်လၟုဟ်လေဝ် ဒေသ မၞိဟ်ဟွံပဒတဴ ဗီု ကုဂြိုပ်ဇၞော်အမေဇြောန်၊ ဒၞာဲလ္ၚဵု ဂကူရးတၞံဟေင် ပဒတဴဒၟံင် နွံဏီရ။ တုဲပၠန် သၟိင်တၠ မညးဂွံစၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ် ပ္ဍဲပယျဵုတိဍာ်ဂှ် အဝဵုသြဇာ အာဏာ မအုပ်ဓုပ် ပကင်ရင် ဟွံမဲလေဝ် နွံကီုရ။

လၟုဟ်မ္ဂး ဂကောံမၞိဟ်ရးနာနာ ရးနိဂီု မနွံ ကုအိန်သွိုရ် ၂၀၀ ပြင်၊ ကြပ်သီုဖအိုတ်ဂှ် ဒှ် ကောန်ဂကောံ ကုလသမဂ္ဂအိုတ်ရ။ ရးတအ်ဂှ် တန်ဒၟံင် နကဵု ပရေင်ဆက်စၠောအ် ရးနာနာ ဇၟာပ်ဇၟာပ် ရးဂှ် ပၠုပ်အဝေါင် ကိစ္စ ပရေင်ဍုင်ကွာန် ဍုင်တၞဟ်တအ်ရ။ နကဵု ဗီုပြင်ဏအ် ရးတအ်ဂှ် ပါလုပ် ပ္ဍဲသၞောတ်ရးနာနာ ဗွဲတၟေင် ကိစ္စဂီုကၠီု ကောံ ကုသၞောဝ်ဓရ် ကေင်ကာအပ္ဍဲဍုင်ဇကုကီု သီုကဵု မ္ၚးဍုင်ဇကုရ။

Recently, the concept of the international community has been formed to refer to a group of States that have established rules, procedures and institutions for the implementation of relations. Thus, the foundation for international law, diplomacy between officially recognized sovereign states, their organizations and formal regimes has been laid.

နိဿဲ

↑ Philpott, Daniel (1995). "Sovereignty: An Introduction and Brief History". Journal of International Affairs 48 (2): 353–368. ISSN 0022-197X.
↑
See the following:
- Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press, 178. ISBN 978-0-5215-3183-2။ “Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It note that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'” .
- (1995) Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International, 20။ “So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.”
↑
See the following:
- Wheaton, Henry (1836). Elements of international law: with a sketch of the history of the science. Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 51။ “A sovereign state is generally defined to be any nation or people, whatever may be the form of its internal constitution, which governs itself independently of foreign powers.”
- "sovereign", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.), Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004, archived from the original on 7 October 2015, retrieved 21 February 2010, adj. 1. Self-governing; independent: a sovereign state.
- "sovereign", The New Oxford American Dictionary (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-517077-1, adjective ... [ attrib. ] (of a nation or state) fully independent and determining its own affairs.
- Pellet, Alain (1992). "The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee". European Journal of International Law 3 (1). “The Committee considers [...] that the state is commonly defined as a community which consists of a territory and a population subject to an organized political authority; that such a state is characterized by sovereignty; [...]”
↑ Grant, Thomas D. (1999). "Chapter 1", The recognition of states: law and practice in debate and evolution. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger။
↑ Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012). Recognition in International Law. Cambridge University Press, 64. ISBN 9781107609433။
↑ Visoka, Gëzim (2022). "Statehood and recognition in world politics: Towards a critical research agenda". Cooperation and Conflict 57 (2): 133–151. doi:10.1177/00108367211007876. ISSN 0010-8367.
↑ Hoch, Tomáš (2018). "Legitimization of Statehood and its Impact on Foreign Policy in De Facto States: A Case Study of Abkhazia". Iran & the Caucasus 22 (4): 382–407. Brill. ISSN 1609-8498.
↑ Fowler, Michael Ross (1996). "What constitutes the sovereign state?". Review of International Studies 22 (4): 381–404. Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi:10.1017/s0260210500118637. ISSN 0260-2105.
↑ Countries Not in the United Nations 2024 (June 26, 1945).
↑ Recognition and its Variants.
↑ Nomadic People - an overview.

[1] Philpott, Daniel (1995). "Sovereignty: An Introduction and Brief History". Journal of International Affairs 48 (2): 353–368. ISSN 0022-197X.

[2] See the following:
Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press, 178. ISBN 978-0-5215-3183-2။ “Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It note that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'” .

(1995) Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International, 20။ “So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.”

[3] Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003). International law. Cambridge University Press, 178. ISBN 978-0-5215-3183-2။ “Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It note that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'” .

[4] (1995) Perspectives on international law. Kluwer Law International, 20။ “So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.”

[3] See the following:
Wheaton, Henry (1836). Elements of international law: with a sketch of the history of the science. Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 51။ “A sovereign state is generally defined to be any nation or people, whatever may be the form of its internal constitution, which governs itself independently of foreign powers.”

"sovereign", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.), Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004, archived from the original on 7 October 2015, retrieved 21 February 2010, adj. 1. Self-governing; independent: a sovereign state.

"sovereign", The New Oxford American Dictionary (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-517077-1, adjective ... [ attrib. ] (of a nation or state) fully independent and determining its own affairs.

Pellet, Alain (1992). "The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee". European Journal of International Law 3 (1). “The Committee considers [...] that the state is commonly defined as a community which consists of a territory and a population subject to an organized political authority; that such a state is characterized by sovereignty; [...]”

[6] Wheaton, Henry (1836). Elements of international law: with a sketch of the history of the science. Carey, Lea & Blanchard, 51။ “A sovereign state is generally defined to be any nation or people, whatever may be the form of its internal constitution, which governs itself independently of foreign powers.”

[7] "sovereign", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed.), Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004, archived from the original on 7 October 2015, retrieved 21 February 2010, adj. 1. Self-governing; independent: a sovereign state.

[8] "sovereign", The New Oxford American Dictionary (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-517077-1, adjective ... [ attrib. ] (of a nation or state) fully independent and determining its own affairs.

[9] Pellet, Alain (1992). "The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee". European Journal of International Law 3 (1). “The Committee considers [...] that the state is commonly defined as a community which consists of a territory and a population subject to an organized political authority; that such a state is characterized by sovereignty; [...]”

[auto-4] Grant, Thomas D. (1999). "Chapter 1", The recognition of states: law and practice in debate and evolution. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger။

[RecognitionofStates-5] Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012). Recognition in International Law. Cambridge University Press, 64. ISBN 9781107609433။

[Visoka_2022_pp._133–151-6] Visoka, Gëzim (2022). "Statehood and recognition in world politics: Towards a critical research agenda". Cooperation and Conflict 57 (2): 133–151. doi:10.1177/00108367211007876. ISSN 0010-8367.

[Hoch_2018_pp._382–407-7] Hoch, Tomáš (2018). "Legitimization of Statehood and its Impact on Foreign Policy in De Facto States: A Case Study of Abkhazia". Iran & the Caucasus 22 (4): 382–407. Brill. ISSN 1609-8498.

[Fowler_Bunck_1996_pp._381–404-8] Fowler, Michael Ross (1996). "What constitutes the sovereign state?". Review of International Studies 22 (4): 381–404. Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi:10.1017/s0260210500118637. ISSN 0260-2105.

[World_Population_by_Country_2024_(Live)_1945_w673-9] Countries Not in the United Nations 2024 (June 26, 1945).

[academic.oup.com_i784-10] Recognition and its Variants.

[11] Nomadic People - an overview.

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